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List of Figures
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Fig. 2.1:
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Nomogram for the determination of the SAR-value (Sodium Adsorption Ratio)
from the Na- and Ca+Mg – concentrations of the water sample and the associ-
ated ESP (Exchangeable Sodium Percentage) after USDA Handbook 60 (1954)
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Fig. 2.2:
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Classical Diagram to evaluate Sodium (Alkali) Hazard in relation to the
Salinity Hazard according to USDA Handbook 60 (1954)
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Fig. 2.3:
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Evaluation of Na-damage to soil physical properties after WILCOX
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Fig. 2.4:
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Modified Nomogram for the determination of the SARMg-adj from the Na- and Ca-
concentrations of the water sample
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Fig. 2.5:
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Relation between capillary flow velocity and depth of groundwater table for
a suction of -1.6 MPa (=PWP) at the surface (after van Hoorn, 1979)
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Fig. 2.6:
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Capillary rise of groundwater to root zone in mm/day for different groundwater
depths and soil textures under moist conditions (soil water tension of root zone
about -0.05MPa = 0.5 bar)
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Fig. 3.1:
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Full Working Programme for Analysis of Soil Samples with the
'SALINITY AND SOIL FERTILITY KIT'
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Fig. 3.2:
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Manual classification of soil texture
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Fig. 3.3:
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Sodium Diagram after WILCOX
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Fig. 3.4:
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Classical nomogram for determining the SARse-value of a soil saturation extract
and estimating the ESPse-value of soil at equilibrium with the extract
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Fig.3.5:
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For Salt-Sensitive Crops; SAND: EC and osmotic water potential of soil
solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.6:
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For Salt-Sensitive Crops; LOAM: EC and osmotic water potential of soil
solutions calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.7:
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For Salt-Sensitive Crops; LOAMY SAND: EC and osmotic water potential
of soil solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.8:
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For Salt-Tolerant Crops; SAND: EC and osmotic water potential of soil
solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.9:
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For Salt-Tolerant Crops; LOAM: EC and osmotic water potential of soil
solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.10:
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For Salt-Tolerant Crops; LOAMY SAND: EC and osmotic water potential
of soil solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.11:
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For Halophytes; SAND: EC and osmotic water potentials of soil solution
calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.12:
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For Halophytes; LOAM: EC and osmotic water potentials of soil solution
calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig.3.13:
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For Halophytes; LOAMY SAND: EC and osmotic water potentials of soil
solution calculated from the effective salinity of the 1/2-extract
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Fig. 3.14:
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Principle Scheme on the Concept of Plant Water Supply as Affected by the
Total or Soil Matric Water Potential
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Fig. 3.15:
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Water Uptake of Wheat from a Sandy and a Loamy Soil at Decreasing Soil
Matric Water Potentials
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Fig. 3.16:
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Water Uptake of Rape Plants in Relation to the Soil Water Potential from a
Non-Saline and a Saline Sandy Soil
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Fig. 3.17:
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Water Supply of Wheat Plants in Relation to the Soil Water Potential of
Non-Saline and Saline Sandy and Loamy Soils
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Fig. 3.18:
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Soil Amelioration through Surface Desalination
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Fig. 3.19:
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Principles of Salt and Water Dynamic Processes in the Rhizosphere
of Irrigated Crops and the Effects on the Shoot Water Supply
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Fig. 3.20:
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Salt Dynamic Processes in the Rhizosphere of Irrigated Crops and
their Effect on the Crop Salt-Tolerance
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Fig. 3.21:
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Relationship between pH and solubility of various forms of Aluminium
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